IG10043 — U.S. Gulf Oil & Natural Gas Assets and Infrastructure

/ Information as of December 19, 2023, prepared by Michael Ratner, Specialist in Energy Policy; Mari Lee, Visual Information Specialist; Cassandra Higgins, Geospatial Information Systems Analyst; Eva Lipiec, Analyst in Natural Resources Policy; and Keigh Hammond, Senior Research Librarian. Map source: S&P Global Midstream Essentials Database, U.S. Department of State, and ESRI. Data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Census Bureau, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. By the Numbers The U.S. Gulf Coast plays a big role in the U.S. oil and natural gas industry. Because of the high concentration of energy assets and infrastructure in a single region, and the interconnections between oil and natural gas, the United States is vulnerable to disaster events. MEXICO LNG Export Terminal Gas Pipeline Oil Pipeline Strategic Petroleum Reserve Storage Site Gas Storage Petroleum Storage Renery Alabama Florida Georgia Louisiana Mississippi Texas 200 MILES The Gulf Coast was originally intended to be the main import area of energy commodities, but the change in fortune because of shale development has made it the main export region for oil and natural gas. U.S. Gulf Coast half Over of U.S. oil renery capacity (53%) is in the Gulf region and accounts for most U.S. petroleum product exports. 90% Over of U.S. LNG export terminals, by capacity (91%), are located in the region, and all projects under construction are there as well. $277 $72 $117 $9 Petroleum Natural Gas $126B (5-year average cost $62 billion) 2022 Gulf Coast (% of U.S.) Rest of United States 2022 U.S. Gulf Coast, Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters 2022 Total Oil and Gas Seaborne Trade (70%) (89%) $ in billions Top 2 Oil & Gas ports, Houston & Corpus Christi, account for 38% Winter Storm, 1 Tropical Cyclones Drought, 1 7 Severe Storms 2 2022 Gas Data billion cubic feet (bcf) *PADD - Petroleum Administration for Defense District **Includes Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) 2022 Oil Data* million barrels (mmb) SELECT OIL & NATURAL GAS DATA 0 1,500 3,000 4,500 6,000 7,500 Crude Oil Production Crude Imports Crude Exports Rened Product Imports Rened Product Exports **Crude Stocks Rened Product Stocks Renery Capacity Includes o-shore production only 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 Production LNG Export Capacity Future LNG Export Capacity LNG Export Volumes Storage Volumes Gulf Coast United States Gulf Coast United States Gulf Coast includes bordering states-TX, LA, MS, AL, FL, and oshore (PADD3*) The Gulf Coast is home to a large amount of U.S. oil and natural gas assets and infrastructure, and these resources are vulnerable to natural disaster and man-made attacks. Each year, extreme weather and climate events threaten to halt production and take reneries and liqueed natural gas (LNG) export terminals oine. In addition, with such a high concentration in a single region, assets and infrastructure may be susceptible to terrorist attacks, especially given how many ships enter and leave the area. U.S. Gulf Oil & Natural Gas Assets and Infrastructure

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